12.1 |
Security Sector Reform
41.
That document
described for the first time some of the short and medium‑term
SSR
objectives
for the post‑conflict management of Iraq. Following the US planning
of the
time, those
were divided into a “stabilisation” phase covering the first six
months and
a “reconstruction”
phase covering months six to 18.
42.
The desired
end state for the military and security forces was to have
laid:
“… plans
for the reform of Iraq’s security forces … Security Sector Reform
(SSR)
… to
include the restructuring of the intelligence agencies, armed
forces, police
and
criminal justice system. All elements of the Security Sector to be
affordable
and accountable.”
43.
The military
and security objectives for the UK during the stabilisation phase
were
described
as:
•
all units
of Iraqi military have been accounted for and (if appropriate)
disarmed;
•
stability,
law and order in Iraq; and
•
inter‑agency
or international organisation efforts to reorganise and train Iraqi
law
enforcement
agencies begun (supported by the UK).
44.
The military
and security objectives for the UK during the reconstruction phase
were
described
as:
•
reform of
Iraqi Armed Forces under way, with a view to organisations able
to
defend Iraq
without threatening Iraqi citizens or neighbours;
•
elimination
of the Iraqi NSC and the Iraqi Special Security
Organisations;
•
exploitation
and subsequent disbandment of the Directorate of General
Security,
the
Directorate of General Intelligence, the Miltary Security Service,
the Special
Republican
Guard, and Saddam’s Martyrs (Fedayeen Saddam); and
•
vetting and
reintegration of acceptable elements of the Republican
Guard
Forces
Command, regular army and police.
45.
The desired
end state for law enforcement was to have: “Rule of Law
established.
Police
reformed and conforming to human rights.”
46.
The law
enforcement objectives for the UK during the stabilisation phase
were
described
as:
•
early
implementation of a clear plan for development of Iraqi
police;
•
framework
to provide military provision of law enforcement within UK
Area
of Operations
(see Box, ‘Area of Operations and Area of
Responsibility’,
later in this
Section); and
•
police
vetted and initial capability established.
75