12.1 |
Security Sector Reform
11.
A later
version of the paper, provided to the AHGI on 11 October, contained
an
additional
recommendation that:
“… the US
and Coalition partners would need to retain overall responsibility
for
Iraq’s
security for some time after the conflict. How the different
security‑related
tasks
(including Security Sector Reform) should be carried out and by
whom needs
12.
The record of
the 11 October AHGI meeting did not mention SSR.10
A
document
describing
“contingency planning work” circulated alongside it recorded that
the FCO
was
drafting a paper on the topic.
13.
During October
and November 2002, the FCO produced several drafts of a
paper
on
SSR.11
An early
version, forwarded to the Cabinet Office on 18 October, listed a
range
of
post‑conflict security issues that would need to be addressed in
Iraq, including:
“•
What
security structures would be appropriate for a post S[addam]
H[ussein]
Iraqi
Government? How do we arrive at an answer? What are the
threats,
internal
and external? Should we undertake a comprehensive review of
the
armed
forces?
•
To what
extent do the size, task and organisation of the new security
structures
depend on
whether Iraq develops into a federation?
•
…
•
To what
extent should the Kurds be integrated into the national structures?
How
might this
be achieved?
•
How do we
replace an excessively large security apparatus with something
‘right
sized’?
Reform or abolition? Which parts of the security apparatus might be
loyal
to a new
government and which not?
•
To what
extent should we punish those members of the security apparatus
who
have
committed crimes against the Iraqi people (eg
torture)?
•
Are we
obliged to work with the new Iraqi Government on SSR or can it
be
imposed?
•
How do we
reform the working culture of the security sector so that it
operates
on the
basis of humanitarian values in support of legitimate
government?
•
How can we
resettle or rehabilitate those pre‑Saddam individuals
removed
from the
security sector so that they do not work clandestinely for
the
re‑establishment
of a S[addam] H[ussein]‑type regime?”
9
FCO Paper,
[undated version received at AHGI, 11 October 2002], ‘Models for
Administering a
Post‑Saddam
Iraq’.
10
Minute Dodd
to Manning, 14 October 2002, ‘Ad Hoc Group on Iraq’ attaching
Paper, 14 October 2002,
‘Whitehall
Iraq Contingency Planning’.
11 Letter Gray
to Drummond, 18 October 2002, ‘Papers for the AHGI’ attaching
Paper, 17 October 2002,
‘Iraq:
Security Sector Reform’.
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